01 · Control

Who counts as a beneficial owner

A beneficial owner is the natural person who ultimately controls an entity. Ownership or voting rights above 25% are important indicators, but control can also arise through agreements or other decisive influence.

For a foreign corporate shareholder, trace every layer to the relevant natural persons. Statutory fallback rules may apply only after documented analysis.

02 · CRBR

Filing deadline and mechanics

Initial notification

Generally within 14 business days of KRS registration; Saturdays and statutory public holidays are excluded.

Updates

Generally within 14 business days of a reportable change.

Electronic filing

Free and signed electronically by an authorised representative under a declaration of accuracy.

Who signs

A board member or registered commercial proxy may sign; an ordinary power of attorney does not replace the statutory signatory.

03 · Enforcement

What happens if the filing is wrong or late

Failure to file, late filing or inaccurate data can expose the company to a fine of up to PLN 1,000,000.

Treat CRBR as an ongoing obligation and review it whenever ownership or control changes.

04 · Data access

Access rules are evolving

European AML reforms are changing how beneficial-owner registers balance transparency and personal-data protection. Filing remains mandatory, but access conditions may change.

Check the current CRBR service before relying on public search for due diligence.

05 · KYC connection

How this connects to banks and service providers

Banks, notaries, accountants and other obliged institutions perform their own AML verification. A CRBR filing does not replace that review.

Differences between KRS, CRBR, ownership evidence and the bank narrative commonly cause delays. Keep one current ownership chart and consistent evidence.

Practical next step

Get a route matched to your company.

Tell us about the owners, activity and expected local operations. We will map the suitable formation and service scope.

Request an entry plan

Official sources

CRBR serviceCRBR filing guidancePolish AML Act

General AML information as of 11 August 2026. Beneficial ownership is fact-sensitive; verify current law and filing procedures.